|
Dandelion Root Extract
|
Pageviews: 389
|
Dandelion Root Extract Taraxacum officinale Flavonoids
Dandelion Root Extract Taraxacum officinale Flavonoids
Taraxacum officinale
Introduction
Traditionally Taraxacum officinale has been used
as a remedy for jaundice and other disorders of the liver
and gallbladder, and as a remedy for counteracting water
retention. Generally, the roots of the plant have the most
activity regarding the liver and gallbladder, while the diuretic
activity is specific to the leaves.
Pharmacology
Taraxacum officinale contains an abundance of terpenoid
and sterol bitter principles (principally taraxacin and
taraxacerin), equally distributed in the roots, leaves, and
flowers. Other terpene/sterol compounds include betaamyrin,
taraxasterol, and taraxerol, as well as free sterols
(sitosterin, stigmasterin, and phytosterin) structurally related
to bile.1 Taraxacum platycarpum contains an antiallergic
terpene, desacetylmatricarin;2 however, Taraxacum officinale has yet to be investigated for its
content of this phytochemical. Taraxacum officinale contains large amounts of polysaccharides (primarily
fructosans and inulin), smaller amounts of pectin, resin, and mucilage, and various flavonoids.1
Three flavonoid glycosides, luteolin 7-glucoside and two luteolin 7-diglucosides, have been isolated
from the flowers and leaves. Hydroxycinnamic acids, chicoric acid, monocaffeyltartaric acid, and chlorogenic
acid are found throughout the plant, and the coumarins, cichoriin, and aesculin have been
identified in the leaf extracts.3 Leaves also contain appreciable amounts of furan fatty acids.4 Taraxacum
officinale is a rich source of a variety of vitamins and minerals, including beta carotene, nonprovitamin
A carotenoids, xanthophylls, chlorophyll, vitamins C and D, many of the B-complex vitamins,
choline, iron, silicon, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper, and phosphorous.
1
Mechanisms of Action
Glucose modulation: Experimental evidence indicates Taraxacum officinale might possess
blood sugar modulating activity.5 This finding is probably, in part, a result of the high inulin content of
the plant. Inulin is a polysaccharide fiber, composed of long chains of repeating fructose molecules,
thought to prevent fluctuations in blood sugar levels.
Cholagogue: Oral administration of extracts from the roots of Taraxacum officinale has been
shown to act as a cholagogue, increasing the flow of bile.6
Diuretic: In experimental research on mice, an aqueous extract of the leaf has been shown to
have diuretic activity comparable to furosemide (Lasix).7 Taraxacum officinale is also a rich source of
potassium, capable of replacing potassium lost through diuresis. This may be why it has not been
associated with the side-effects of furosemide, such as hepatic coma and circulatory collapse.1
Immune System and Nitric Oxide Enhancement: Evidence indicates Taraxacum officinale
can restore experimentally-induced suppressed immune function in animals by enhancing cell-mediated,
humoral, and non-specific immunity.8
Evidence also suggests Taraxacum officinale influences nitric oxide production.9 Nitric oxide
is important for immune regulation and defense; however, this molecule can be inhibited by cadmium.
An aqueous extract of Taraxacum officinale has been shown to overcome this inhibitory effect of
cadmium and work in a dose-dependent manner to restore nitric oxide production by mouse peritoneal
macrophages. This effect is thought to be primarily a result of the extract¡¯s ability to induce the secretion
of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.9
An antitumor action of the aqueous extract of Taraxacum officinale has been reported in the
scientific literature.10
Taraxacum Combined with other Medicinal Herbs
Taraxacum officinale in combination with other medicinal plants might be an effective intervention
in chronic colitis. Chakurski et al treated 24 patients with chronic non-specific colitis with an
herbal combination consisting of Taraxacum officinale, Hypericum perforatum, Melissa officinalis,
Calendula officinalis, and Foeniculum vulgare. Spontaneous and palpable pains along the large intestine
disappeared in 96 percent of the patients by the 15th day of treatment and pathological admixtures
of feces resolved.11
Side-Effects and Toxicity
Taraxacum officinale is generally considered to be among the most well-tolerated medicinal
plants, with virtually no documented side-effects reported. The one area of concern with administration
of Taraxacum officinale might be its possible role as an allergen in atopic individuals. Reports in the
scientific literature specifically refer only to the pollen as being a potential source of photoallergic
contact dermatitis12,13 and an allergen capable of cross-reactivity in individuals with pollen allergy to
other plants of the Compositae family.14 However, a report documenting an anaphylactic reaction in an
atopic patient following the oral ingestion of an herbal combination containing Taraxacum officinale
indicates a possible need for caution. In this case, the herbal compound was found to have trace amounts
of pollen from Taraxacum officinale and several other medicinal plants which resulted in this systemic
reaction.15
The carcinogenicity of Taraxacum officinale has been investigated in an animal model. No
carcinogenic activity was observed following 120 days of administration.16
References
1. Cordatos E. Taraxacum officinale. In: Murray M, Pizzorno J, eds. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. Seattle: Bastyr
University Press; 1992.
2. Ho C, Choi EJ, Yoo GS, et al. Desacetylmatricarin, an anti-allergic component from Taraxacum platycarpum.
Planta Med 1998;64:577-578.
3. Williams CA, Goldstone F, Greenham J. Flavonoids, cinnamic acids and coumarins from the different tissues and
medicinal preparations of Taraxacum officinale. Phytochemistry 1996:42:121-127.
4. Hannemann K, Puchta V, Simon E, et al. The common occurrence of furan fatty acids in plants. Lipids
1989;24:296-298.
5. Akhtar MS, Khan QM, Khaliq T. Effects of Portulaca oleracae (Kulfa) and Taraxacum officinale (Dhudhal) in
normoglycaemic and alloxan-treated hyperglycaemic rabbits. J Pak Med Assoc 1985;35:207-210.
6. Vogel G. Natural substances with effects on the liver. In: Wagner H, Wolff P, eds. New Natural Products and Plant
Drugs with Pharmacological, Biological or Therapeutic Activity. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 1977.
7. Racz-Kotilla E, Racz G, Solomon A. The action of Taraxacum officinale extracts on the body weight and diuresis
of laboratory animals. Planta Med 1974;26:212-217.
8. Luo ZH. The use of Chinese traditional medicines to improve impaired immune functions in scald mice. Chung
Hua Cheng Hsing Shao Shang Wai Ko Tsa Chih 1993;9:56-58. [Article in Chinese]
9. Kim HM, Lee EH, Shin TY, et al. Taraxacum officinale restores inhibition of nitric oxide production by cadmium
in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 1998;20:283-297.
10. Baba K, Abe S, Mizuno D. Antitumor activity of hot water extract of dandelion, Taraxacum officinale ¨C correlation
between antitumor activity and timing of administration. Yakugaku Zasshi 1981;101:538-543. [Article in
Japanese]
11. Chakurski I, Matev M, Koichev A, et al. Treatment of chronic colitis with an herbal combination of Taraxacum
officinale, Hipericum perforatum, Melissa officinaliss, Calendula officinalis and Foeniculum vulgare. Vutr Boles
1981;20:51-54. [Article in Bulgarian]
12. Mark KA, Brancaccio RR, Soter NA, Cohen DE. Allergic contact and photoallergic contact dermatitis to plant and
pesticide allergens. Arch Dermatol 1999;135:67-70.
13. Lovell CR, Rowan M. Dandelion dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1991;25:185-188.
14. Fernandez C, Martin-Esteban M, Fiandor A, et al. Analysis of cross-reactivity between sunflower pollen and other
pollens of the Compositae family. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993;92:660-667.
15. Chivato T, Juan F, Montoro A, Laguna R. Anaphylaxis induced by ingestion of a pollen compound. J Investig
Allergol Clin Immunol 1996;6:208-209.
16. Hirono I, Mori H, Kato K, et al. Safety examination of some edible plants, Part 2. J Environ Pathol Toxicol
1978;1:71-74.
Copyright?2001 Thorne Research, Inc. All Rights Reserved. No Reprints Without Written Permission
|
|
Contact Information of poster
| Company Name: |
botanical extract |
| Contact Person: |
Lily Liu |
| Country |
, cn  |
| Zip Code: |
410100 |
| Homepage |
http://www.organic-herb.com |
| About botanical extract: |
our company is a export company.we supply botanical extracts.welcome to choose our products.
|
|
|
Statistics for " Dandelion Root Extract":
|
| Detailed Pageviews:
|
389 ( number of times this page was viewed)
|
|
Last Update:
|
0000-00-00 00:00:00
|
More Import/Export Wholesale Leads trade leads ...
 Wanted Urgent!! | | Nissan Diesel CPB14 Trucks WANTED!
Very urgently. Need more ... | | Offer to Buy Category:General : 1203 views |
|
| |
Agriculture and Livestock 
Offer to Sell
computer,peripheral
Egyptian handicrafts
Dental Instruments & Surgical Instruments
SELL WHEAT FLOUR
Mobile phone Data Cable for Nextel
Manufactory Sterling Silver Jewelry
all nike,adidas,timberland,gucci,prada,Luie Vuitton and puma shoes sel
Door roller
stainless steel wire mesh
Export of A4 multipurposes label
FOOD GRADE TWIST WRAP PVC FILM
Optimum-Media offers Multimedia - Web Design, eCards, eLearning, Comp